Whilst the textual order of elements differ, the procedures for priestly ordination, reinstatement of a restored ‘leper’, and Nazirite consecration show sufficient similarities to suggest that they all served an ordination function, though none gives a complete picture of that process.
|
Item |
Sacrifice after cleansing from Leprosy |
In association with a Nazirite vow |
Ordination of Aaron and his family |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Order in text |
Shave and wash, wave, guilt, sin, burnt |
Sin, burnt, peace, shave, wave |
Wash, sin, burnt, ordination, wave |
|
Days of exclusion |
Wait until seventh day (Lev 14:8) * |
Days of separation fulfilled (Num 6:13) |
N/A |
|
Shaving and / or washing |
Shave off all hair, wash clothes and bathe (Lev 14:8 9) |
Shave hair (Num 6:18) |
Wash with water and dress in new (i.e. clean) clothes (Ex 29:4, Lev 8:6) |
|
Location of ritual |
Outside Tent of Meeting (Lev 14:11) |
Entrance of Tent of Meeting (Num 6:13) |
Doorway of Tent of Meeting (Lev 8:3 & Num 8:9) |
|
Burnt offering |
Male lamb a year old (Lev 14:10) |
Male lamb one year old (Num 6:14) |
A ram (Ex 29:1, 18, Lev 8:2, 18) |
|
Sin offering |
Ewe Lamb a year old, i.e. a personal offering (Lev 14:10) |
Ewe Lamb a year old, i.e. a personal offering Num 6:14) |
Young bull, i.e. a corporate offering (Ex 29:1, 12, 14, Lev 8:2, 14) |
|
Guilt / peace / ordination offering |
Male lamb a year old, with log of olive oil as guilt offering (Lev 14:12) |
A ram as a peace offering (Num 6:14) ** |
A ram, Leviticus qualifies as ‘of ordination’ (Ex 29:1, Lev 8:2, 22) |
|
Blood daubing |
Blood of guilt offering on the ear, thumb and big (Lev 14:15) |
|
Blood of Ram of ordination on the ear, thumb and big (Ex 29:20, Lev 8:23) |
|
Sprinkling oil |
Olive oil sprinkled before the lord (Lev 14:16) |
|
Sprinkled anointing oil (Ex n/a, Lev 8:11) |
|
Oil daubing |
Olive oil on ear, thumb and toe (Lev 14:17) |
|
|
|
Anointing |
Remainder of olive oil on the head (Lev 14:18) |
|
Anointing oil poured on head (Ex 29:7, Lev 8:12) |
|
Grain and drink offerings (Num 15:3-5) |
Three-tenths of an ephah, i.e. three sacrifices worth, of fine flour with oil and one log of oil (v10) |
Basket of unleavened bread, fine flour mixed with olive oil, unleavened wafers smeared with olive oil (Num 6:15) |
Basket of bread, cakes with oil and wafers spread with oil, all unleavened and of fine flour (Ex 29:2), a basket of unleavened bread in Lev. (Lev 8:2) |
|
Burning hair |
|
Under the peace offering (Num 6:18) |
|
|
Priests portion (Lev 7:33) |
Can be assumed as it is part of the standard procedure |
Priest must take the boiled shoulder of the ram (Num 6:19) |
Moses to take the right thigh as is a ram of ordination (Ex 29:26) |
|
Memorial portion (Lev 2:2, 9) |
Can be assumed as it is part of the standard procedure |
Priest must take one cake made without yeast from the basket, and one wafer made without yeast (Num 6:19) |
Moses to take one cake of bread and one cake of bread mixed with oil and one wafer from the basket of unleavened (Ex 29:24-25 Lev 8:26) |
|
Wave offering (Lev 7:30) |
Can be assumed as it is part of the standard procedure |
Priest to put shoulder and bread in the hands of the Nazirite (Num 6:19) |
Moses to put shoulder and bread in the hands of Aaron & his sons (Ex 29:20, Lev 8:27) |
|
Wave offering (Lev 7:30) |
Guilt offering and oil are offered as a wave offering (Lev 14:24) |
Priest shall wave them (Num 6:20) |
All a wave offering by Aaron & his sons (Ex 29:24, Lev 8:27) Breast as a wave offering by Moses (Ex 29:26, Lev 8:29) |
|
Priests portion (Lev 7:33-34) |
Can be assumed as it is part of the standard procedure |
Like breast and thigh it is holy for the priest (Num 6:20) |
Breast and thigh are holy for the priest (Ex 29:27 28, 33), Moses has breast (Lev 8:29) |
|
Boil flesh (1 Sam 2:13) |
Can be assumed from standard procedure |
Flesh boiled (see Num 6:20) |
Flesh to be boiled (Ex 29:31, Lev 8:31) |
|
Waiting |
Outside his tent for 7 days (Lev 14:8) * |
|
In doorway of tent of meeting for 7 days (Lev 8:33,35, cf. Exod 29:30) |
* After washing on the seventh day there was another seven-day wait for consistency with the ordination procedure.
** As the Nazirite had done nothing to attract guilt, the lamb could become a peace offering.
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