The prophet Moses,  Israel's law-giver

Moses is Judaism’s foundational prophet. 
The Bible portrays his birth amidst a time of persecution. After miraculously surviving an official Egyptian policy of massacring Israeli babies, he was equally miraculously raised within an anonymous Pharaoh’s household. After killing of an Egyptian for harming an Israelite, he was forced to flee from Egypt. He then lived in exile as part of a priestly family in Midian where he served as a shepherd. 

Forty years later God spoke to Moses through a burning bush and sent him back to Egypt to deliver his people, in accord with a promise God had given several hundred years earlier. Accompanied by his brother, Aaron, and armed with three supernatural signs, Moses traveled back to Egypt to order the Pharaoh to release the Israelites. The Pharaoh’s unwillingness to release these valuable slaves then led to further spiritual signs in the form of catastrophic events. As these escalated, they increasingly affected only the Egyptians but not the Hebrews amongst them. The matter came to a head with the first Passover and the miraculous crossing of a body of water (precisely which is the subject of much debate). 

On reaching Mount Sinai, Moses established a covenant with God, organised the Israelites into a nomadic nation and established a legal system for them. After a failed attempt to return to Canaan, the land from whence they had come, Moses then led them for forty years as they travelled through the wilderness. He died shortly before Israel achieved their objective of a return to Canaan.